40
Processing and refinement of metallic objects, in particular
of tools and components of technical devices and machines,
as well as their surfaces, by methods of hardening
techniques carried out in vacuum furnaces, in particular
vacuum hardening, vacuum tempering, vacuum hardening and
high-temperature tempering, stress-relieved annealing,
recrystallisation annealing, normal annealing, soft
annealing, homogenising, solution annealing, ageing and
precipitation hardening, by methods of hardening techniques
carried out in salt baths, in particular salt bath
hardening, neutral hardening, salt bath tempering, salt bath
hardening and high-temperature tempering, salt bath
nitrocarburising (Tenifer treating), carburising, case
hardening, partial tempering, soft annealing, by methods of
hardening techniques carried out in chamber furnaces and
air-circulation furnaces, in particular hardening,
tempering, hardening and high-temperature tempering,
stress-relieved annealing, recrystallisation annealing,
normal annealing, soft annealing, ageing, precipitation
hardening, cyclic annealing, carburising, case hardening, by
methods of hardening techniques in the form of laser
hardening, laser alloying, laser remelting and melting off,
by methods of heat and surface treating carried out in a
controlled gas atmosphere, in particular hardening, soft
annealing, normal annealing, homogenising, solution
annealing, ageing, recrystallisation annealing,
stress-relieved annealing, hardening and high-temperature
tempering, partial hardening, tempering, nitriding,
nitrocarburising, carbonitriding, case hardening,
carburising, cyclic annealing, oxidation, by methods of
surface technology, in particular plasma nitriding, plasma
nitrocarburising, plasma oxidation, steam tempering, hard
material coating by plasma coating processes, such as
physical vapour deposition (PVD) processes and
plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition (PA-CVD)
processes; surface treating, in particular using solvents
and alkaline cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning with and without
degreasing, lapping (wet and dry), pickling, planishing,
polishing, grinding, brushing, stripping of hard material
layers, vacuum degassing.
42
Conducting scientific tests to determine physical or
chemical characteristics of treated metal objects or of
metal objects to be treated, including hardness tests,
determination of the nitride hardness depth and
metallographic determination of the white layer thickness
and of the diffusion layer thickness; conducting scientific
tests of surfaces in particular to determine layer
thicknesses, layer adhesion, layer hardness, layer ductility
and surface roughness, as well as the layer composition.