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Electrical and scientific apparatus, namely, an apparatus for interfacing microelectrodes of microarray devices with a computer system for reading, inputting a signal, and communicating with the microelectrodes of the microarray devices, said apparatus for use in chemical analysis, biological analysis, or patterning for scientific, laboratory, or medical research and for diagnostic purposes in pathogen identification, science, research, clinical medicine, microbiological testing, and food analysis, including microarray systems; microarrays comprised of semiconductor-based electrode microarrays; apparatus for detection of targets and binding events between probes and targets on microarrays, including electrochemical detection instruments; apparatus and software for analysis of microarray data; apparatus for creating images or data for analysis for use in the life science research field